Welcome to the EL Study Guide on ASCD EDge. Each month, EL provides an online study guide to assist educators with their professional development. Here on EDge, we will regularly post excerpts from the Study Guide for EDge members to discuss.
The November EL theme is "Effective Grading Practices," and today's study guide excerpt focuses on the purpose of grading.
Before making changes to grading practices, it's important for educators to step back and ask some difficult questions about the purposes of grades. In "Starting the Conversation About Grading" (p. 10), Susan M. Brookhart suggests ways that teachers can begin the conversation.
If you've used any of these ideas to start a conversation with your colleagues about grading, please share in the comments how it went.
Earlier this week, EL reader and EDge member Susan Smith raised a serious concern on the EL EDge group page about the March EL article "Knowing Your Learning Target" by Connie M. Moss, Susan M. Brookhart, and Beverly A. Long. She was concerned that in the use of "I Can" statements, as suggested in the article, amounts to the parroting of teacher-created objectives. We on the EL staff thought this was an important question, so we shared it with the article's authors.
Connie Moss shared these thoughts:
Hi Susan,
Your comment is a powerful one and helps us examine an all too common misconception about shared learning targets. At first blush, it is easy to confuse shared learning targets with a simple restating of instructional objectives or curriculum standards. And we agree with you 100% that when teachers merely parrot curriculum standards in the form of "I CAN" statements they are short-changing their students.
Shared learning targets are very different from instructional objectives or curriculum standards, although they are derived from them. Here is a specific example using a standard regarding mathematical functions, patterns and relationships to illustrate our point. The standard states: "Students will describe the relationships among variables, predict what will happen to one variable as another variable is changed, analyze natural variation and sources of variability, and compare patterns of change."
Usually, benchmarks follow the standard to further describe the knowledge and skills that characterize achievement by program an/or grade levels. A benchmark for the mathematic standard reads: "Variability is represented in a variety of symbolic forms." Benchmarks describe specific performances for various developmental levels. A benchmark performance for the elementary grades reads: "Use tables, charts, open sentences and hands-on models to represent change and variability."
School district curriculum teams design down these national and state standards to develop district curriculum/unit goals that clarify the district’s expectations for which of these standards students will master at specific grade levels during specific units of study.
Classroom teachers, then, write instructional objectives for individual lessons or a series of related lessons to align their teaching with the district’s curriculum. An instructional objective for an elementary level lesson derived from the standards and curriculum goals regarding mathematical functions, patterns and relationships might look like this: "Students will describe how the element of chance makes any set of data subject to variation."
Clearly, instructional objectives and curriculum standards have the "right stuff" when it comes to framing the lesson or series of lessons from the teacher's point of view, but as you so rightly stated, they do little to help students understand what is important to learn or what they will be asked to do to demonstrate that learning in today’s lesson.
If a teacher merely writes an instructional objective on the board and asks students to state it, we agree with you whole-heartedly that students will not be able to harness the workings of their own minds or develop powerful motivational factors like self-efficacy, self-regulation, and self-assessment.
That's why our article advocates that teachers turn instructional objectives into clear, student-friendly, and developmentally appropriate descriptions of the "lesson-sized chunk" of essential content and skills that describe the exact learning intention for today's lesson—why they are asking their students to learn this chunk of information on this day in this way.
Let's look again at the lesson about how elements of chance can influence a data set to illustrate what we mean. In the lesson, the teacher asks his students to mix a batch of cookie dough using, among other ingredients, 30 chocolate chips. He tells the students to separate the cookie dough into 10 cookies, count the chocolate chips present in each cookie, and graph their findings.
To make sure his students understand why they are being asked to engage in this learning activity, he shares the learning targets for today's lesson using student friendly descriptive language and "I CAN" statements: Today we are learning to examine an everyday procedure, like making cookies, to analyze the many ways that the element of chance can influence the final product. These unplanned factors make it highly unlikely for us to predict number patterns. To learn more about this, we are going to follow a recipe to mix up a batch of cookies using 30 chocolate chips. In your groups, you will shape the cookie dough into 10 cookies. You will count and display on a bar graph the number of chocolate chips you find in each cookie. Then, in your groups you will think about what you did to make the 10 cookies and identify all the elements of chance that were part of the process. We will get back together as a class to discuss what each of your groups discovered.
We will know that we met our learning targets for today's lesson when we are able to say: I can describe the steps my group used to mix the cookie dough and form the 10 cookies. I can analyze each step to identify the elements of chance that are hidden in that step. And, I can use my own words to describe how the elements of chance I uncovered in each step work together to make it difficult to predict how many chocolate chips will be in each of our 10 cookies."
With the learning targets clearly in their minds as they begin the activity, the students can be mindful of those targets and intentionally aim for them. The "I CAN" statements help students do exactly what you say is important—be mindful of their own thinking, analyze experiences so that they can assimilate, accommodate or create new schema, regulate their own thinking and performance, and take control of their own learning.
One last thing—as we state in our article, the best way to share learning targets is through a strong performance of understanding—a learning experience that promotes content mastery, develops increased proficiency with specific reasoning skills, and provides compelling evidence of student learning. When "I CAN" statements are linked with a strong performance of understanding, they are very powerful indeed.
Thank you for calling our attention to this important aspect of student learning.
Sincerely,
Connie Moss
ASCD Leader to Leader (L2L) News is a monthly e-mail newsletter for ASCD constituent group leaders that builds capacity to better serve members; provides opportunities to promote and advocate for ASCD’s Whole Child Initiative; and engages groups through sharing and learning about best practices. To submit a news item for the L2L newsletter, send an e-mail to constituentservices@ascd.org.
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2011 L2L Event: Save the Date for July 21–23, 2011 at the Westfields Marriott Washington Dulles Chantilly, Va. Questions? Contact Constituent Programs
In This Month’s L2L News
Leader to Leader Web Seminar Series Update
The L2L Web Seminar Series is on hold as of February because the program is currently under evaluation. As ASCD Constituent Services works to offer a variety of engaging and accessible capacity building opportunities for ASCD leaders, we will continually monitor feedback and input from ASCD leaders regarding their needs and interests. Please e-mail constituentservices@ascd.org if you have any questions about the L2L Web Seminar Series.
Recent L2L Webinar Recordings
U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan Addresses ASCD Members at the Leadership Institute for Legislative Advocacy
Last month, educators from across the country attended ASCD’s Leadership Institute for Legislative Advocacy (LILA), where they listened to nationally known education experts discuss an array of education policy issues and met with their congressional lawmakers on Capitol Hill. The conference also marked the release of ASCD’s 2011 Legislative Agenda, which calls for a complete overhaul of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) in 2011.
U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan, the keynote speaker at LILA, agreed with ASCD’s call, emphasizing that ESEA reauthorization can happen this year—even with a divided Congress—if educators raise their collective voice and convey the urgency of putting politics and ideology aside for the benefit of our country’s students.
LILA attendees also heard from Senator Jack Reed (D-RI), sponsor of the Teachers and Principals Improvement Act, who spoke about the need to support educators and provide them with ongoing professional development. In addition, he highlighted the importance of school libraries, middle school reform, and environmental education.
LILA Resources
Thank you to all who attended LILA this year and helped make it a success! If you were unable to attend, you can still access the following resources from the event:
Annual Conference Digital Program Book and Mobile Access Now Available
The ASCD Annual Conference digital program book is now available with new features! Search for specific speakers, content, or sessions; share session information with colleagues; access additional information about ASCD products, exhibitors, professional development events, community programs, and much more.
The digital program book is available at www.ascd.org/acprogrambook .
You Are Here is a multiplatform, interactive web tool that allows you to download and plan your conference experience before and during conference via ascd.org, your PDA, or one of the on-site stations positioned around the Moscone Center. This tool allows you to access presenter information, search and download conference and exhibit show information to your PDA, view maps, and find information about San Francisco. Registered attendees will also receive up-to-the-minute program updates, cancellation notices, or room changes. Access the ASCD Annual Conference on your mobile device at http://m.marketart.com/ascd11/.
Time’s running out: Register for ASCD Annual Conference today!
Throughout February on WholeChildEducation.org: Connecting Digital Learners
Technology provides opportunities for us to connect students to learning, their peers, teachers, communities, and their futures.Unfortunately, unchecked and unfocused technology use can result in students disconnecting from the “why” of learning and the real-time relationships that are key to their development and success. Join us throughout February on WholeChildEducation.org as we explore how to use technology to connect digital learners to high-quality learning, meaningful relationships, and their future. Download the Whole Child Podcast to hear from experts and practitioners about the opportunities and challenges of digital learning. Visit the Whole Child Blog often to read engaging posts from diverse writers, leave your comments, and as always get free resources to help you make digital learning meaningful for students.
Aligning Health and Education
This month ASCD will release a monograph that discusses the findings of the Healthy School Communities Pilot Study conducted from 2006 to 2009. This document outlines the nine levers of change that had a significant effect on the cultures of the participating school communities. It describes the research and practice of each lever, and provides clear, meaningful steps for schools in all settings to follow. The levers provide a guide for schools and communities wishing to enhance the potential resources available, develop a climate and culture conducive to more effective teaching and learning, and better care for the health and well-being of their students and staff. For more information on how to obtain a copy, please visit www.ascd.org/hsc or e-mail healthyschoolcommunities@ascd.org.
New ASCD Officers Commence Duties at ASCD Annual Conference
Following voting last fall, ASCD members elected the following individuals to serve as officers. These officers recently visited ASCD for an orientation session before assuming their duties in March at the conclusion of the 2011 ASCD Annual Conference.
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Debra Hill, Illinois |
Larry Cartner, North Carolina Marc Cohen, Maryland* Judith Golden, Connecticut Joseph Goodnack, Pennsylvania Mary Kay Kirkland, Utah |
Leadership Council Members-at-Large Cynthia Anderson, Georgia LaQuanda Brown, Georgia Katinia Davis, South Carolina Kurt Schneider, Wisconsin |
*This individual is serving a two-year term. The President-Elect serves a one-year term. All other listed individuals serve three-year terms.
Leader to Leader Spotlight: News from the ASCD Community
Mark Your Calendar: Annual Conference Meetings for ASCD Leaders
Something to Talk About
Association News
ASCD Leader to Leader (L2L) News is a monthly e-mail newsletter for ASCD constituent group leaders that builds capacity to better serve members; provides opportunities to promote and advocate for ASCD’s Whole Child Initiative; and engages groups through sharing and learning about best practices. To submit a news item for the L2L newsletter, send an e-mail to constituentservices@ascd.org.
Join the L2L Conversation on Twitter
Add #ASCDL2L to your tweets to share news and resources with your fellow ASCD leaders.
This Month’s L2L News
Register for the Leadership Institute for Legislative Advocacy (LILA)
Watch the Recording of the Post-Election Policy Edition of L2L Web Seminar Series On Demand: Post-Election Analysis: What the Midterm Election Results Mean for Education.
Register today for the 2011 Annual Conference & Exhibit Show!
Check out five ways to save on your conference registration fees:
Announcing a New Venue for L2L 2011: Westfields Marriott Washington Dulles
Reserve July 21 – 23 , 2011 for Leader to Leader 2011. The event will take place at the Westfields Marriott Washington Dulles. The Westfields Marriott Washington Dulles hotel combines sophisticated meeting facilities with elegant hotel accommodations in Chantilly, Va.
Tune in to November’s Whole Child Podcast: Applying Developmental Science to Impact Teaching and Learning
Developing successful learners who are prepared for success in college or further study and for employment and citizenship in a global environment requires us to think outside the box—the cognitive box, that is. Although traditional education is thought to exist in the cognitive domain, science tells us that children’s academic progress cannot be separated from the emotional, social, and cognitive changes that occur simultaneously. The science of learning and child development is rarely used in classrooms, and research has demonstrated that we can maximize learning when educators apply developmental principles effectively.
Download this episode of the Whole Child Podcast to learn about key principles of developmental science that can affect the way teachers teach and the way students learn. You’ll hear from
Healthy School Communities Site Receives Accolades for Promoting Authentic Parent Engagement, Healthy Lifestyles, and Student Voice
Parents, students, staff, and community partners from Iroquois Ridge High School in Oakville, Ontario—a Healthy School Communities site—are being recognized by Ontario's Ministry of Education for their work in creating a welcoming and engaging environment for parents. The Tuesday at Ten and Tuesday at Seven programs, which were created by Mary Tabak and Sue Graham, the school’s public health nurse and parent engagement coordinator, connect parents with one another and with the school in partnership with students to support learning about healthy lifestyle choices. Congratulations to “the Ridge”!
Kansas ASCD Hosts Live Streaming Presentation by ASCD Author Robyn Jackson
Robyn Jackson presented How to Support Struggling Students-Mastering the Principles of Great Teaching at a September 27, 2010 Just-in-Time KASCD sponsored event for over 200 participants at the University of Kansas.
Because the economy is struggling in this large rural state, a live streaming presentation allowed low-cost professional development statewide as participants drove in to a satellite location. Robyn Jackson also maximized her time by flying in and out of Kansas on the day of the workshop.
Ohio ASCD Presented the Ohio School Improvement Institute
Ohio ASCD has just concluded a successful collaborative effort to present the Ohio School Improvement Institute November 18-19, 2010 in Columbus, Ohio.
Partnering groups included the Ohio Department of Education, the Ohio Board of Regents, and the Ohio Association for Career and Technical Education.
Affiliates ‘Talking Tech-y’
Texas ASCD Blogs to Promote Hot Topics
Texas ASCD has a blog associated with its web site to promote timely information and views on hot topics pertinent to members. The November blog post is on electronic textbooks.
New Mexico ASCD Uses Prezi to Showcase Mission
New Mexico ASCD has showcased its mission as a Prezi presentation on the front page of its website. Simply use the left and right arrow keys on your keyboard to navigate through the presentation.
Alberta ASCD Launches New Wiki
Alberta ASCD is launching its new website using wiki technology to promote online collaboration. Executive Director Brenda Giourmetakis reports, “We are very excited to get this going so that we can keep our membership up to date and to offer them a platform to interact on the Canadian Network.”
The affiliate is also in the process of booking a speaker who will take part in the Greater Edmonton Teachers’ Convention in March. Brenda explains these two activities are symbolic of the re-birth of Alberta ASCD.
Washington State ASCD Has a New Look!
Washington State ASCD’s affiliate board of directors’ selected an updated logo that communicates a strategic focus on learning, teaching and leading.
With its rebranding efforts comes a renewed focus on educating the whole child; Washington ASCD board of directors has revised the affiliate’s mission statement to include the five whole child tenets.
Visit the Washington ASCD website at www.wsascd.org.
New York State ASCD Holding Statewide Competition for 21st Century Whole Child Award.
New York State ASCD’s Whole Child for the 21st Century Award Program second round of statewide competition is now in progress.
New York State ASCD is sponsoring this award program for the second year. All 6,500 school buildings (public, private, independent and charter schools) in New York State have received program brochures and New York State ASCD is now sending applications to interested schools. All information about this project is available on line at www.newyorkstateascd.org
Mark Your Calendar: ASCD and Affiliate Events
December 2010
January 2011
February 2011
March 2011
July 2011
Something to Talk About
ASCD Leaders Participate in National Blogging Day for Education Reform
Monday, November 22, marked the National Blogging Day for Education Reform (PDF). Educators blogged about their ideas for education transformation and many ASCD leaders contributed.
Check out these blogs:
Association News
Authors Susan Brookhart and Connie Moss discuss their Dec. 2009 member book with Genny Ostertag.